긴장상황에 따른 발레 무용수의 동작수행 변화 비교연구
CopyrightⒸ 2018 by the Korean Society of Dance Science
초록
이 연구는 발레 무용수의 긴장상황에서 초래되는 동작수행 변화를 규명하고자 동작분석을 실시하였다. 회전 및 도약의 동작수행 공간을 최소한으로 제약하는 방법으로 긴장상황을 설정하고, 공간제약 없는 안정된 상황의 4세트 연속수행 중 2·3회 차시의 평균값과 비교하였다. 그 후 추가적인 검증을 위하여 안정상황의 최대·최선값을 추출하여 긴장상황과 재 비교하였다. 그 결과 무용수가 긴장한 상황에서는 대체적으로 운동학적·기능학적 변화량이 증가하지만 그 변화량이 안정 상황에서의 최대·최선값과 비슷한 수준이며, 고난도 테크닉의 수행 시 시작 직전에 주저하거나 동작의 마무리에 최선을 다하지 않는 등 동작 수행능력이 저하되는 요소들이 확인되었다. 또한 이 연구에서 통계적으로 유의미한 결과가 나타나지 않은 요소는 긴장상황과 안정상황의 동작수행에 특별한 변화가 나타나지 않는 요소로서, 실험 참여자 수준(서울 소재 대학의 발레 전공자 이상)의 경우 긴장상황에서도 안정적인 수행이 가능한 동작요소이다. 따라서 무용경력이나 성별, 또는 연습량 등 다양한 수준차이에 따라 긴장 시 변화가 나타나는 동작요소를 규명하는 후속연구가 이루어질 필요가 있을 것이다.
Abstract
This study intended to establish what movement changes ballet dancers cause in psychological strain. In order to measure the changes, it set psychological strain for ballet dancers in a way to restrict the space allowed to perform spinning movements and jump ones, and then compared it with the average values of the second and third sessions, among the four sets under a stable situation without any space constraints. After that, the maximum and best values under the stable situation were extracted to make an additional verification and then were compared again with those in psychological strain. As a result of this, it was shown that ballet dancers largely increased kinematic and functional variations in psychological strain, but the variations were similar to the maximum and best values under a stable situation. In addition, it was also confirmed that there were elements that decrease in terms of movements ability, such as, they did hesitate to perform a high level of technique immediately before they started to do it, or they did not do their best to the end of the performance. In addition, the elements in which there was no meaningful result statistically in this study were those in which there was no special change in the movements both in psychological strain and under a stable situation, and they are the movement elements that ballet dancers can perform in a stable way even in psychological strain, considering the skill level of the subject ballet dancers (more than the level of the ballet majors who are attending the universities located in Seoul). Therefore, it is necessary to make a follow-up study in order to establish the movement elements in which a change may occur in psychological strain according to the various levels such as their career, sex, or amount of practice, etc.
Keywords:
ballet, dancer, pirouette, jump, psychological strain, performance anxiety, stage fright, motion analysis키워드:
발레무용수, 긴장심리, 무대긴장, 회전동작, 점프동작, 동작분석References
- 김민희(1989). 클라식발레. 서울: 금광.
- 유진,염계화(2003). 여자 무용수들의 정신건강 프로파일 분석. 한국체육학회지, 42(4), 261-270.
- 조남규, 오성근(2014). 발레 Pirouette en dehors 동작의 성공과 실패에 따른 운동역학적 차이 분석. 한국체육과학회지, 23(1), 1439-1446.
- Brodie, J. & Lobel, E. (2004). Integrating fundamental principles underlying somatic practices into the dance technique class. Journal of Dance Education, 4(3), 80-87. [https://doi.org/10.1080/15290824.2004.10387263]
- David A. H. (2001). Using [beta]-blockers to control stage fright: A dancer's dilemma. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 16-2, 72.
- Enghauser, R. (2003). Motor learning and the dance technique class: Science, tradition, and pedagogy. Journal of Dance Education, 3(3), 87-95. [https://doi.org/10.1080/15290824.2003.10387235]
- Hanna, J. L. (1995). The power of dance: Health and healing. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 1(4), 323-331. [https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.1995.1.323]
- Lin, C.W., Su, F.C., Wu, H.W., & Lin, C.F. (2013). Effects of leg dominance on performance of ballet turns (pirouettes) by experienced and novice dancers. Journal of sports sciences, 31(16), 1781-1788. [https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2013.803585]
- Lott, M. B., Laws, K. L. (2012). The Physics of toppling and regaining balance during a pirouette. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 16-4, 167-174(8).
- Ranganathan, R. & Karl M. N. (2013). Changing up the routine: Intervention-induced variability in motor learning. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 41(1), 64–70. [https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e318259beb5]
- Richard J. L. (2010). Neurological problems of performing artists. Performing Arts Medicine, 3(3), 51.
- Simmons, R. W. (2005). Sensory organization determinants of postural stability in trained ballet dancers. International journal of neuroscience, 115(1), 87-97. [https://doi.org/10.1080/00207450490512678]
- Todd W. (1997). Creating interactive dance with the very nervous system. Published in Proceedings of the 1997 Connecticut College Symposium on Arts and Technology.